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1 Chronicles 20
- Purpose
- To instill hope—largely by appeal to the Davidic promise—among Jews who had returned to their land but were living in subjugation
- Author
- Unknown
- Date
- Likely written around 400 BC, largely recording events that occurred around 1011–971 BC
- Setting
- Judea had been resettled by Jews following the Exile, but these Jews were still living under foreign (Persian) rule; the account essentially traces the reign of David
1 Chronicles has 18,351 words: about 1 hour 17 minutes to read, or 1 hour 54 minutes to listen to. Read it from the start or listen from the start.
Outline: the section headings
- Opening…
Headings from the Berean Standard Bible.
The full introduction to 1 Chronicles opens beside chapter 1, in the Tyndale commentary.
From the Tyndale Open Study Notes, Tyndale House Publishers, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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1And it came to pass, that
2And
3And he brought
4And it came to pass after
5And there was
6And yet again there was
7But when he
8
Footnotes
- a 20:1 after…: Heb. at the return of the year
- b 20:2 to weigh: Heb. the weight of
- c 20:4 arose: or, continued: Heb. stood
- d 20:4 Gezer: also called, Gob
- e 20:4 Sippai: also called, Saph
- f 20:4 the giant: or, Rapha
- g 20:5 Jair: also called, Jaare-oregim
- h 20:6 great…: Heb. measure
- i 20:6 the son…: Heb. born to the giant, or, Rapha
- j 20:7 defied: or, reproached
- k 20:7 Shimea: also called Shammah
The Capture of Rabbah
1In the spring,footnote a at the time when kings march out to war, Joab led out the army and ravaged the land of the Ammonites. He came to Rabbah and besieged it, but David remained in Jerusalem. And Joab attacked Rabbah and demolished it.
2Then David took the crown from the head of their king.footnote b It was found to weigh a talent of goldfootnote c and was set with precious stones, and it was placed on David’s head. And David took a great amount of plunder from the city.
3David brought out the people who were there and put them to workfootnote d with saws, iron picks, and axes. And he did the same to all the Ammonite cities. Then David and all his troops returned to Jerusalem.
Battles against the Philistines
4Some time later, war broke out with the Philistines at Gezer. At that time Sibbecai the Hushathite killed Sippai,footnote e a descendant of the Rephaim,footnote f and the Philistines were subdued.
5Once again there was a battle with the Philistines, and Elhanan son of Jair killed Lahmi the brotherfootnote g of Goliath the Gittite, the shaft of whose spear was like a weaver’s beam.
6And there was also a battle at Gath, where there was a man of great stature with six fingers on each hand and six toes on each foot—twenty-four in all. He too was descended from Rapha, 7and when he taunted Israel, Jonathan the son of David’s brother Shimei killed him.
8So these descendants of Rapha in Gath fell at the hands of David and his servants.
Footnotes
- a 20:1 Literally At the turn of the year
- b 20:2 Or from the head of Milcom. Milcom, also called Molech, was god of the Ammonites; see Leviticus 18:21 and 1 Kings 11:7.
- c 20:2 A talent is approximately 75.4 pounds or 34.2 kilograms of gold.
- d 20:3 Or cut them
- e 20:4 Sippai is a variant of Saph; see 2 Samuel 21:18.
- f 20:4 Or the giants; see also descendants of Rapha in verses 6 and 8.
- g 20:5 Or Elhanan son of Jair the Bethlehemite killed the brother; see 2 Samuel 21:19.
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1 Chronicles 20 0:00
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